Nepal’s Constitution Day is celebrated on September 20, marking the adoption of the country’s new constitution in 2015, which transitioned Nepal into a federal democratic republic. This event is considered a monumental achievement in Nepal’s political history, symbolizing the culmination of years of political struggles, movements for democracy, and peace processes.
The process leading to the creation of this constitution was long and arduous. Nepal, a country with a rich history of monarchies, saw major political changes in the 20th and 21st centuries. In 1990, Nepal transitioned from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy, but political instability continued. In 2006, following a decade-long civil war led by the Maoist insurgency, a people’s movement known as the Jana Andolan forced the king to relinquish his powers.
The monarchy was officially abolished in 2008, and Nepal was declared a federal democratic republic. This paved the way for the drafting of a new constitution, a process that involved extensive negotiations among political parties, civil society, and other stakeholders. After several years of debate and efforts to address the concerns of Nepal’s diverse ethnic, linguistic, and geographic communities, the new constitution was promulgated on September 20, 2015.
This constitution established Nepal as a federal secular republic with a multi-party system and guaranteed fundamental rights to its citizens. Constitution Day, also known as “Rashtriya Sambidhan Diwas”, is celebrated with national pride, reflecting Nepal’s progress toward peace, inclusivity, and democracy. The day is marked with official ceremonies, flag hoisting, and speeches, emphasizing the unity and sovereignty of the nation.–WORLDWIDE EVENTS